From Bangalore
Come to the twin temple
towns of Belur and Halebid for a glimpse of Hindu temple art at its glorious best. In the
16th century, Belur-Halebid (both towns are spoken of in the same breath) were at the
heart of the throbbing Hoysala empire. The Hoysalas were huge patrons of art and
architecture and built massive temples that have survived the ravages of time. Some of the
sculptures are so exotic, erotic and eloquent - that you expect them to speak or move.
The most outstanding temple
in Belur is the Chenakeshava, a monumental edifice that took 103 years to
build, possibly because of the intricate details and the myriads of friezes and sculptures
that embellish the temple walls. Scenes from the epics, elephants in battle and sensuous
dancers come alive in stone. The 42 'madanikas' or celestial dancers were inspired by
Queen Shantaladevi, who is said to have epitomized beauty. The Hoysala architects had an
eye for detail and such wizardry with their chisels that the earrings on the lobes of the
dancers can rotate and beads of perspiration glisten in the hair of some.
Two other minor temples
from the Hoysala dynasty are the Virnarayan and the Chennigaraya
temples - smaller, but as intricately sculpted as the Chenakeshava.
About 16 km away from Belur
is Halebid, the other temple town, equally magnificent but not as well
preserved. Halebid was the capital of the Hoysalas till it was destroyed in the early 14th
century after attacks by the Delhi Sultanate. The Hoysaleshwara temple
survived the pillage but it somehow managed to remain incomplete even after 87 years of
uninterrupted construction. The temple is dedicated to Shiva and has two enormous Nandi
bulls at the entrance.
The temples of Belur and
Halebid were made of steatite, a material that is easy to work on, soft initially but
hardening after prolonged exposure. The Hoysalas promoted temple art to such a degree that
the artists actually left their signatures on their work. The sculptures are unparalleled
in their beauty; in fact, as a challenge to their art, the sculptors left a small blank
space on the revolving Narasimha pillar, to be filled in by anyone who has the talent. The
space remains blank till today.
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